Friday, January 31, 2020

The Death Penalty in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Death Penalty in the United States - Essay Example Currently, US states with capital punishment record higher murder rates than those without. This means death penalty has failed deter crime the US. A recent survey conducted on the country’s most leading criminologists reveals that many of them do not believe that the enforcement of death penalty has helped to deter homicides (Radelet and Lacock, 2009). One reason for this is that death penalty never addresses the internal and external forces behind offense. For example, many crimes are driven by the prevailing unfriendly and increased unemployment rates. Such situations also trigger aggression among populations. Therefore, killing those found guilty does not solve the problems of the remaining lot. There are also some types of murders that are non-deterrable for example family disputes that result to a non-premeditated murder. These normally increase during times of economic hardships. Increases crime rates can also be linked to increased drug abuse and the never-ending racia l biases (Liebman, et al, 2000). Glaeser and Sacerdote (1999) state that whenever execution is publicized, it tends to trigger more murders in the subsequent days and weeks. The Linberg kidnapping is a good example this. A number of states adopted the death penalty for kidnapping but figures indicate that kidnapping increased.

Thursday, January 23, 2020

Intervention in the Rwandan Genocide Essay -- Rwanda History Essays Ge

The Hutus and Tutsis were not traditionally different, and ethnicity in Rwanda only became important during Belgium colonization when the more European-looking Tutsis were chosen as the aristocracy to rule over the Hutus. After Rwanda's independence in 1961 the Hutu majority, comprising roughly 85% of the population, ruled the country. Between 1961 and the outbreak of genocide in 1994 many Tutsis fled the regime due to its discriminatory practices and anti-Tutsi policies. Even after gaining control of the country, however, Hutus had been scared of a Tutsi coup or an invasion from the Tutsi refugees in neighboring Uganda. The regime of president Habyarimana played on these fears in order to distract Rwandans from failing policies and keep their declining party in power. It was the assassination of the president that precipitated the implementation of ethnic cleansing, although not the cause; plans for such an event had been planned out by Colonel Bogasata the previous year, the assass ination of the country's Hutu leader just happened to be a convenient event for his clique of extremist Hutus to exploit. In October of 1993 the UN Security Council authorized the UN Mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR) following a period of strife between the Rwandan Patriotic Front and the Hutu regime of Rwanda. When the government ordered assassinations were carried out in Kigali on April 6, 1994 there were about 2,500 UNIMAR peacekeepers in Rwanda. Soon after the violent outbreak Hutu government forces executed ten Belgian UNIMAR peacekeepers. On April 14 Belgium announced that it would be withdrawing its UNIMAR battalion, an action that unnerved other involved states and led the U.N. Security Council to cut the number of troops to a mere 270 the following week. Only after a month of vacillation did the UNSC vote to send 5,500 troops back into Rwanda, but it still dragged its feet and as of July only 10% of the promised force had been deployed (Economist, 1994). The RPF, meanwhile, had launched into Rwanda and by mid-July, it had ousted the genocidal regime from Rwanda. Preceding the Rwandan genocide, numerous western states made claims of their willingness to intervene in a humanitarian crisis, and this kind of rhetoric has proved counterproductive in the past by encouraging insecure regimes to act hastily. Alan Kuperman said ?If the West is unwilling to deploy such robust for... ...city in the genocide. This has further damaged relations between the ethnic groups, and has deepened the preexisting cleavages. The presence of a peacekeeping force to maintain order and accountability of the new regime could have hampered such atrocities. The Rwandan situation highlights the limits of intervention, and unfortunately as long as the duty of intervening lies in the hands of slow-responding multinational bodies and democracies too scared of a plummeting public opinion to risk troops for less central or non-state interests, it appears that humanitarian crises run the risk of progressing unacceptably far before the situation can be brought back under control. Works Cited The Economist. Learning from Rwanda (U.N. Peacekeeping Operations). April, 1994. Alison Des Forges, Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda (New York: Human Rights Watch/FIDH, 1999). Kuperman, Alan J. Rwanda in Retrospect. Foreign Affairs 79, no. 1 pp. 94-118 Jan/Feb, 2000. Report of the Independent Inquiry Into the Actions of the United Nations During the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda, 15 December 1999, accessed December 17, 1999 at http://www.un.org/News/dh/latest/rwanda.htm.

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

America as a Land of Prosperity in the 1920’s

America as a Land of Prosperity in the 1920's is the story of Americans who searched for equality. Yes, for some individuals America was a land of prosperity in the 1920's. The First World War sparked Americas rise in prosperity. As no fighting took place on American soil there were virtually no reparations to be paid, also America had entered the war late and therefore, had not spent nearly as much money as the big European countries such as France, Britain, and Germany. This left America in a very prosperous position. Another key reason to Americas rise in prosperity was a man named Henry Ford. Henry Ford was a car producer who thought of the â€Å"mass production† method. This method used assembly line techniques, whereby each stage of the car production was carried out by a different team of workers who specialized souly in their specific area. This had a huge impact! The method was introduced in 1913 and by 1929; 26 million cars were registered in the U. S. A compared to only 9 million in 1920. That is an increase of nearly 300% in just 9 years! However, the benefits of the ford company stretched beyond just the automobile industry during the 1920's, people also started moving into the cities from the rural areas. In 1920 more than 50% of people lived in the cities which were an increase of more than 50%. Another reason for the rise in prosperity was the introduction of hire-purchase, whereby you put a deposit down on an item that you wanted, and paid installments on that item with interest, so you would pay back more than the price for the item. High purchases were easy to get and people got into debt without any real planning for the future. In the 1920's it just seemed to be the case, that if you wanted something, then you got it, this had a major economic impact; somebody had to make what was bought. This was the era before robot technology and work done by laborers. The person who made that product would get paid and he would not save all of the money. He, too, would spend some of it, and someone else; would have to make more items, so he would get paid and so the cycle continued. By the mid-1920's America was booming. Sales of items, which were once, were considered a luxury such as radios, cars, and other new-on-the market items had rocketed, as had both the average and the minimum wage. The average annual wage for that decade was $1236. 00, a huge increase. Perhaps the fact that highlights most America's rise in prosperity is between 1919 and 1929 Americas GNP rose from 72. 4 billion (1919) to 104 billion (1929) which is around a 75% increase. The boom also led to record low unemployment levels. This was due to the growth of many other businesses and the demand for more workers. The 1920's also saw the construction of towering skyscraper such as the Chrysler building for the first time. However, not all businesses and cultures shared in this â€Å"prosperity†. The farming industry was hit hard, particularly in the south, as some northern farmers found prosperity due to the increase in the demand for fresh fruit as more people could afford, no thanks to the rise in wages. The farmers earned very little money as a result, lived a very poor lifestyle with poor housing; no fresh water and some even faced eviction from their homes. The farmers did not share in the prosperity mainly because of the loss of the foreign markets. (The Fordney-Mcumber tariff act, put tariffs on imported goods at an all time high causing foreign countries to apply the same tariffs to America) Many blacks did not share in the prosperity either. They were discriminated by the White Americans who claimed they were â€Å"polluting their country†. As a result of this, many black people living in slums or â€Å"ghettos† as they were named. In 1926 a survey found that there were over 200,000 unemployed black people in the south alone. America even had its own low-grade facilities for black people and white people to use. For example, white and colored drinking taps with the white drinking tap being of the higher standard. These laws were referred to as Jim Crow laws. But through all the intolerance some black people did do well and did prosper. Black musicians, poets, and politicians emerged. One of the most famous politicians of his time was Marcus Garvey. Garvey was the founder member of the UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association), which encouraged black people. Garvey eventually got deported back to Jamaica for Tax fraud. Other Immigrants such as Mexicans and Italians also suffered similarly hard times. Millions of immigrants were allowed into America in the 1900's, where free land and job opportunity became available, but towards the end of the 1920's this was not so much the case. America was letting more and more immigrants in and it had to stop. They devised a literacy test to bring the numbers down. But problems existed with the immigrants that were already in the country. The number of job opportunities had fallen and the majority of migrants were competing for the lowest paid jobs. This often led to racial tension within the ethnic groups. So to sum things up, in general America was a land of prosperity, but weather you shared in this prosperity or not depended largely on your ethnic background and location in the country you lived. We’re still faced with a matter of equality today; People with diverse ethnic backgrounds still are not privilege to being treating equal. They continue to find a way to prevail in America regardless of the laws that government themselves make available only for those who seek a higher power or level of authority. Therefore, the question still remain, is America as a Land of Prosperity?

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

The And Effects On Society And The Economy Of The Country...

I. Introduction Liberia is a country rich in natural resources but is one of the poorest countries in Africa. In this paper, I will explain the causes of this poverty, such as poor governance and corruption and the effects on society and the economy of the country. Corruption is rampant in African countries and beneficial to only the private sector, yet this country has not been able to successfully stop it and improve its structure. The government is the backbone of the country. It is supposed to benefit its citizens, protect human rights and serve the communities, however the governments in Liberia has not. This has caused rampant poverty, instability and healthcare issues. II. Literature Review To better understand these issues, it’s important to contextualize this within the body of other scholarly works on the subject. Below are five summaries of articles regarding the subject of the Liberian governance. These articles examine the causes of the strife in Liberia and the effects on the countries’ citizens. The first article is Understanding the Economic Effects of the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa by Amadou Sy and Amy Copley discusses the economic effects of the ebola outbreak in west African countries. â€Å"In addition to the enormous and tragic loss of human life, the Ebola epidemic is having devastating effects on these West African economies in a variety of essential sectors by halting trade, hurting agriculture and scaring investors.† To halt the spread of theShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Aspects of Job Migration943 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction There are many people moving from their native countries to foreign countries. It has many reasons such as educational and economical, religious and political problems. Reason of labor migration lack of work opportunities, and receive sufficient income at home. 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