Essay on Welfare to Work - 1224 Words

Welfare to Work In 1996 Bill Clinton passed an Act (Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)) that moved welfare recipients off of aid and on to becoming working productive citizens. Under the Act, welfare recipients would have two years to find a job and get off of aid. Several programs were designed in order to help encourage and eventually get the recipients on their way to being successful citizens. Our tax dollars fund these programs. The program, more commonly known as the Welfare-to-Work program was broken up into different stages in order to best help the recipients. Once the participant (welfare recipient) signs up for Welfare, he/she is assigned a gain worker who is there to help†¦show more content†¦The provider is allowed to pick the amount they want to receive as long as it is below the market rate (rate of pay set by the county). Since the participants don’t have to worry about paying for childcare, they can concentrate on achieving the goals that they have set for themselves in the program. As the program goes on, they become more independent and eventually progress into jobs so they can support themselves. Advantages The AP RR’s are broken up into three different stages. Stage one is designed for participants who have just joined the program and need training or help finding a job. Stage two is designed for participants who have been in Stage one and are progressing in to work and/or schooling. Participant should have an income coming in while they are in stage two. The participant, depending on their gross monthly intake pays a parent fee. Stage three is a follow up of stage two; the participant should have established a work history and can maintain a stable healthy lifestyle without aid. In turn, babies are well taken care of and grow up healthy and strong. Money is being circulated in the community and there are jobs for people. The participants learn skills that can carry them on to the next job and help them survive so that they don’t have to depend on welfare to support them. The AP RR’s have other services that are good for the participants. Resource and referral program, which isShow MoreRelatedEssay Welfare-To-Work: Welfare Programming1070 Words   |  5 Pagesa horse to water but, if you don’t teach him to read, he won’t know its poison. This is exactly how the current welfare programs in the United States are run. The current Welfare Reform is failing due to Political indulgence in statistics, focusing on the percentage of individuals attaining employment instead of the quality of employee and employment. In order to be successful Welfare Reform must contain vocational education with proper job placement and fair sanctions on recipients. The numbersRead MoreWelfare to Work Programs Essays932 Words   |  4 Pagespoverty that requires some type of social welfare policy. Poverty is not a stranger to the United States and therefore it created program such as welfare to assist the poor. The welfare system has evolved over the years sometime for the good and others for the bad. In 1996, President Bill Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. This law changes the way welfare function. This paper will examine welfare to work programs in the United States. I. Read MoreSocial Work And Welfare History1477 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Work/ Welfare History In 1906, in-school social work programs were integrated into New York City schools with hopes to bridge the gaps between the schools and communities in which they served. Since then in-school social workers have become more than just school and community liaisons but also the caseworkers, confidants, youth program advocates, as well as truancy reporters. In 1946, the National School Lunch Act was established and signed into law by President Harry S. Truman. This policyRead MoreThe And Social Work Welfare History1085 Words   |  5 Pagessocial work welfare history that empowers families’ lives. This semester I have been given the opportunity to work, as an intern, at Head Start Nacogdoches following a social worker understanding the importance of being efficient in my future career. At Head Start my job is to observe, take notes, and ask questions to my field instructor Ms. Celena Garrett in understand the importance of developing programs to help parents build a suitable lif estyle for their child. Social Work/ Social Welfare HistoryRead MoreSocial Work And Social Welfare2300 Words   |  10 PagesQUESTION 1: What Is Social Work And Social Welfare? Compare and contrast (20) According to Leiva (2014), Social work is a profession that gives help or advice to individuals, groups or communities who have financial or family problems. However, the National Association of Social Work (NASW) define social work as a professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favourable to this goalRead MoreChild Welfare Services Is A Social Work1740 Words   |  7 Pagessocial work profession is filled with numerous areas of practice that include areas such as gerontological social work, military social work, and child welfare services which is the second largest area of social work and an area that many consider to be a highly rewarding yet a heart wrenching practice area. Child welfare services is a social work practice area that will service some of society’s most vulnerable and oppressed children and families. A child that is in need of child welfare servicesRead MoreWelfare To Work Transportation System Analysis1774 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper examines the new Welfare Regime under 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PWA) and new requirements on job search as one of the contributing factors to the inequality that women of color experience within the job market, in a relationship with transportation programs such as the Welfare-to-Work Transportation Plan (WTP). In this paper, I show how changes in the Welfare system such as the job seeking prerequisite help to reproduce inequality for women ofRead MoreSocial Welfare And The Field Of Social Work861 Words   |  4 Pagesthousand years ago, people recognized that they had a moral obligation to help those in need. Looking back on the history of social work , there have been many definitions of the field, but it is ever-changing and expanding to include the things that happen in society every day. The 1800’s were a defining period of time for social welfare and the field of social work was born. For the time, there was such progressive acts stemming from many factors affecting the United States including a populationRead MoreSocial Work And The British Welfare Society2555 Words   |  11 PagesWith reference to changes in government policy and ideologies of welfare, debate the significance of the shift from the Victorian ‘Mad pauper’ to the 21st century ‘Mental health service User’ and its impact on social work practice and values. Since the 19th Century, professional social work and state allocation of resources has gone through endless evolutions and revolutions, from deciding on the future of the Victorian’s ‘mad paupers’, those insane, idle, disabled or recipients of poor reliefRead MoreSocial Work : Child Welfare Services Essay1967 Words   |  8 PagesDziegielewski 216). Social work in general is such a broad field, one must be well informed about the varying areas encompassed within it. With each area there are certain aspects that makes each unique in its own way. Each works toward the same end goal which is bettering helpless individuals and providing them with correct resources to ensure continual growth within their lives. One of my favorite areas, that was also connected to the social worker I interviewed was child welfare services. Through the

Meaning of Marriage in Different Cultures - 1737 Words

In Islam, marriage is a contract between two people. It is required that a certain amount of money be relayed to the bride. This idea of dowry derives from the word in Arabic; Mahr. Furthermore, like both Christianity and Judaism, Islam is strict on the concept of chastity. It is the element of staying pure. Seeing as marriage in Islam is concealed with intercourse, which is evident from the root of the world in Arabic meaning marriage. The Arabic of word Nikah can be translated to marriage and sexual intercourse. We see in Islam a marriage being very mutual, we see the concept of equality among the couple. This is advocated when looking into divorce in Islam. Divorce is not prohibited like Christianity where there has to be an†¦show more content†¦Until one is married, half their soul is inexistent. Similarly to Islam, in Judaism, a contract is competed between than man and woman. This contract outlines certain aspects of the marriage that are to come. This contract is know n as Shidukhihn. In fact, there are also conditions like outlines in Muslim marriages. They are found in the Shtar Tenaim. Following the reading of the Conditons, it is concealed by the shattering of a plate. Nevertheless, some people preform this at different times. Like seen in the media, some do it on the legitimate day of their wedding while others do it much more in advance. However, what is most important about this action is that, the husband to be and the mother of the bride complete it. Unlike Christianity, the act of marriage in Judaism is completed after two different elements are successfully completed. Firstly, the Erusin ceremony has to be carried out. This is where negotiations take place, and one of the biggest changes this ceremony makes is the status between the two. They are now recognized as being engaged. Afterwards, the Chupah/ Nissuin takes place, and this is when the marriage is legitimate. In the earlier years the Erusin and Chupah/ Nissuin used to be comple ted separately; in fact, at least a year was waited before the final ceremony was initiated. Nevertheless, nowadays these two acts are completed in the surrounding ofShow MoreRelatedThe Cultural Aspects Of Family1237 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many different family forms which I will explore whilst writing this essay, along with the increasing family forms, and how they have changed over time. I will also be studying the cultural aspects of family both in Western and Non Western societies explaining how they differ to western families. ‘Kinship’ is said to be the foundation of the family according to anthropologists, so I will be looking at ‘kinship’ in more detail throughout my essay by looking at different cultures of familiesRead MoreBrazil Culture1609 Words   |  7 PagesComparison between marriage customs in America and Nigeria Research design It is often said that marriages are made in Heaven, and therefore, a suitable partner is very much of a necessity so as to lead a very happy and satisfied life. We often witness two types of Marriages, mainly, love marriages and arranged marriages. In love marriage, two adults decide to involve themselves in the holy bond of matrimony and in the other the families of the groom and the bride, or the third partiesRead MoreEmpirical Research For Treatment Of Intercultural Marriage856 Words   |  4 PagesEmpirical Research for treatment of Intercultural Marriage According to Hsu (2001), intercultural marriage is â€Å"marriage formed by partners with relatively diverse cultural backgrounds† (p.225). This is prominently seen through the film, in which Toula, a Grecian-American marries Ian Miller, a Caucasian- American. This film depicts the conflict that surrounds this union prior to marriage, such as planning the wedding, navigating the cultural differences and gaining parental approval for the unionRead MoreIt s One Of The Most Celebrated Events Essay881 Words   |  4 PagesIt’s one of the most celebrated events in the world: Marriage. According to the Merriam Webster 2012 dictionary marriage is defined as the relationship between husband and wife. Every culture does it, but we all do it different. Most people pick the person they want to spend their entire life with. They decide to combine finances and split the bills equally. According to moneyunder30.com forty-one percent of married couples say the spilt the bills 50/50. They both make money and agree on responsibilitiesRead MoreThe Ultimate Goal Of Romantic Relationships978 Words   |  4 Pagesultimate goal of romantic relationships is to establish a long-term relationship culminating into marriage† (Gala Kapadia 2014). This is the belief that was instilled in me since I was a child. When I started dating, I had a few relationships that ended after a few months. My parents would continuously ask me â€Å"Why date someone if you have no intention of marrying that person?† However, I was young, marriage was the last thing on my mind. My reasoning was that if I liked the boy, and the boy liked meRead MoreWhy Do People Get Married? What Do Marriages Stand For? Marriage?953 Words   |  4 Pagesdo marriages stand for? Marriage is a union between two people who wish to unite their life together. The reason that people today get married is for love. However, marriage means more than love. A reason why many people get married is that they have found companionship, love, and comfort in another person. The idea of a marriage has different meanings to people. Some marry for money, love or resources. In modern times, many philosophies have changed throughout the year. In her book marriage, JulietRead MoreWhy Do People Get Married? What Does Marriage Stand For? Marriage?918 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes marriage stand for? Marriage is a union between two people who wish to unite their life together. The reason that people today get married is for love. However, marriage means more than love. A reason why many people get married is that they have found companionship, love, and comfort in another person. The idea of a marriage has different meanings to people. Some marry for money, love or resources. In modern times, many philosophies procure change throughout the year. In her book marriage JulietRead MoreWhy Do People Get Married? What Do Marriage?966 Words   |  4 PagesWhy do people get married? What do marriage stands fo r? Marriage is a union between two people who wish to unite their life together. The reason that people today get married is for love. However, marriage means more than love. A reason why many people get married is that have acquire the companionship, love, and comfort in another person. The idea of a marriage has different meanings to people. In the past centuries, a great number of people would marry for money and resources, rather than loveRead MoreThe Human Process Of Communication1534 Words   |  7 Pagesand experiences created by one s unique cultural blueprint. Thus, the chosen receiver may decode a different meaning from the message intended. To create a more intricate element to the aspect of intercommunication, relationships must be navigated carefully. The relationships between coworkers, friends, family, relatives and the world at large vary according to protocol, etiquette and culture. However, many would agree that marital intercommunication can be the most comple x of all people skillsRead MoreMarriage Is A Sacred Action, And The Bondage Between Individuals Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage is a sacred action, and the bondage between individuals is powerful. Marriage is one of the greatest moments in ones’ lifetime. Throughout different cultures marriage has a different meaning. In some groups, marriage and your spouse is not your decision and in others you can have multiple spouses. There are several different forms of marriage and different cultures practice those marriages in different ways. Marriage brings about happiness but in some cases it can bring grief and discipline

Theodore Roosevelt’s the Threat of Japan Free Essays

Document: Theodore Roosevelt:  The Threat of Japan, 1909 [At Mt. Holyoke] Introduction: For my history assignment, I chose the document â€Å"Theodore Roosevelt’s The Threat of Japan†. After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, modernization took place, bringing Japan to the height of power equivalent to a western power after defeating both China and Russia. We will write a custom essay sample on Theodore Roosevelt’s the Threat of Japan or any similar topic only for you Order Now United States was maintaining its policy of isolationism but was slowly transitioning to self interest imperialism, keeping control over countries with economic benefit such as open door policy with China. A summary of this article would be Roosevelt’s changing ideas of how US should change their foreign policy with regard to the dynamic change in the balance of world powers in 1909. My essay shall first examine the supporting points of the documents including the credibility of the source, reasons why Japan is a threat and immigration problems. Opposing points to mention would be that the document may be affect by the mentality of white’s men supremacy. All things considered, I largely agree with the source and President Roosevelt’s analysis of Japan as a threat. Paragraph 1: Credibility of source The document is a primary source, written by Theodore Roosevelt himself at the point of time to Senator Knox, giving original evidence in light to our argument. I have two considerations with regard to the source’s credibility, the credentials of the author and the timeliness of the events. Theodore Roosevelt as the 26th president of the United States, have he assumed positions at the city, state, and federal levels before elected as president and was also awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. As he has a reputation to uphold alongside his prestigious titles, there is less likeliness of him to be bias in his reports. The documented concerns give factual material in line with the events happening at that point of time. It is true that â€Å"Japan has formidable military power† and â€Å"considered themselves to be on a full equality† after their victory in the Russo-Japanese war in 1904-1905. There was also an immigration problem of Japanese â€Å"flocking by the hundred thousand into the US† and California legislature threatens to pass 17 anti-Japanese measures in 1909. As the ource is based on much concrete evidence as cross referenced with the timeline of events, I can claim that this document is credible to a large extent. Paragraph 2: Japan as a threat At the start of the 20th century, Japan came to be pictured as a political menace against United States, and her immigrants had been seen as a threat to American institution and economic security. He r victory in the Sino-Japanese War and Russo-Japanese War forced Roosevelt to see Japan as an equal. Meiji restoration where Japan combined Western advances with their own traditional values subsequently adopting modernization and military conscription. They view themselves as being encroached by foreigners under the unequal treaty system of the United States thus justifying Japan’s expansionistic intents. Examples would be Japan forcing its way through the Northeast China through the ownership of South Manchurian railway and formal control of Manchuria inherited from Russia. In the event of Portsmouth Treaty and the renewal of the Anglo-Japanese alliance in 1905, Japan used this chance to claim interest in Korea. Roosevelt acknowledged Japan’s military capabilities and is cautious when dealing with them. His famous â€Å"Big Stick Diplomacy† can be seen as he uses the concept of speaking softly, engaging in peaceful negotiation while having a â€Å"big stick†, a strong military. This is evident in the statement â€Å"treat Japan courteously that she will not be offended more than necessary† and constantly emphasizing the need of â€Å"keeping the Navy at the highest point of efficiency. † Roosevelt stressed harshly upon the need that the Navy needs to be strong in order to firstly keep Japan at bay through deterrence theory and secondly able to win wars if the need ever arise to. This shows that Roosevelt took Japan as a menace very seriously, and has placed in effect, measures that prevent the threat from manifesting. Paragraph 3: Japan’s immigration problems Since the opening of Japan from its self imposed seclusion policy in 1854, scholars have studied aboard to acquire Western teachings. The immigration problem manifested once Japanese started immigrating to Hawaii, Canada and US motivated by economic gains and evasion of military services. In the year 1900 alone, 12000 Japanese entered United States and by 1910 the population trebled to a total of 72,517. Although this bought a solution to their demand of cheap labour, another set of problems arise in the form of economic, racial and anti-Japanese agitation. Examples included would be San Francisco School Board implemented segregation of education school between Japanese and American children, and â€Å"California legislature passing offensive legislation aiming at Japanese†. This background knowledge is coherent in identifying the social problems such as a â€Å"race problem and contest† is forecasted if nothing is done to keep them out. He understands that his people will not permit the Japanese to come in â€Å"as citizens and will not tolerate their presences. † US experienced widespread anti-Japanese sentiments and this is supported from evidence that Roosevelt received insults such as â€Å"an unpatriotic President, who united with aliens to break down the civilization of his own countrymen† by San Francisco Chronicle when he decided to back Japan up against segregation measures by other nations. However Roosevelt’s reasons was that he did not wish to create tension and friction between the relations of two countries and hope to continue with their peaceful diplomatic attempts to prevent any possibility of war. In essence, despite the anti-Japanese agitation of the people with their measures in place, Roosevelt found it hard to openly support them as he hopes to continue their mutual corresponding efforts in diplomacy and restrain from any form of conflict. Paragraph 4: White Men’s Supremacy An uncertainty would be that Roosevelt may be slightly bias due to the prevalent widespread ideology of â€Å"White men’s supremacy† at that point of time. In the height of imperialism, the poem of â€Å"The White Man’s Burden† by Rudyard Kipling bought about feelings of superiority and condescending view over the less developed countries mainly Asia. The Whites have the obligation to rule over the indigenous population through colonialization and civilizing mission to educate them. The relationship between US and Japan was marked with tensions with regard to economic and commercial interest over Asia. Roosevelt may view Japan in a negative light such as an aggressor because he felt that only US has a legitimate rule and control over China, unlike an inferior Asian country like Japan However in Roosevelt’s analysis, the rest of the US has a different impression of Japan. He claims that â€Å"the moment everything is smooth and pleasant, there will be a clamor for a stoppage in the building up of the navy. † It can be inferred from Roosevelt that US is easily conceited and once they are in their comfort zone, they will forgot how big a threat Japan possess. Conclusion: In context to what we have learnt so far, it is most relevant to our lecture 6 of â€Å"Culture of High Imperialism – Japan†. Through the evaluation of this document, we have seen that Western power, US, have acknowledged the might of an Asian country, Japan. There have been a change in the balance of global power at that point of time and â€Å"White Men Supremacy† ideology was tested as Japan defeat Russia and China. United State’s President Roosevelt was forced to recognize â€Å"the whole question of our dealings with the Orient is certain to grow in importance† and there was a drastic change of perception of the social construct of the world. He highlighted Japan as a threat of interest and territory in Asia as well as creation of an immigrant problem of racial contest in Hawaii and parts of US. Roosevelt gave solutions such as â€Å"Big Stick Diplomacy† of building up the Navy and keeping it strong to deter Japan from attacking them. He stressed that Senator Knox should not lower his guard during moments of peace and overlook the job of keeping the Navy in its highest point of efficiency as well as controlling the emigration rate of Japanese into US. I have tested the source’s credibility and found it to be largely reliable and largely agree that Japan was a threat to US in the early 1900s and Roosevelt was correct to identify them as one and implement solutions to counter their aggression. 1496 words Bibliography Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966) David Cody, The growth of the British Empire, Associate Professor of English, (Hartwick College Paragraph 4) 1988 Hunt, Lynn, Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein, R. Po-chia Hsia et al.. The Making of the West, Peoples and Cultures. Vol. C. 3rd ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2009. Mark Canada; The Ready Reference Handbook (49b) Martin, Gary. â€Å"Speak Softly And Carry a Big Stick† ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Mark Canada; The Ready Reference Handbook (49b) http://www. uncp. edu/home/canada/work/markport/best/evaluate. htm (Janaury 2001) [ 2 ]. Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966), 439 [ 3 ]. Hunt, Lynn, Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein, R. Po-chia Hsia et al.. The Making of the West, Peoples and Cultures. Vol. C. 3rd ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2009. 712-13. [ 4 ]. Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966), 334 [ 5 ]. Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966), 333 [ 6 ]. Martin, Gary. â€Å"Speak Softly And Carry a Big Stick† [ 8 ]. Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966), 429 [ 9 ]. Chitoshi Yananga, Japan Since Perry (Achron Books; Hamden, Connecticut, 1966), 437 [ 10 ]. David Cody, The growth of the British Empire, Associate Professor of English, (Hartwick College Paragraph 4) 1988 How to cite Theodore Roosevelt’s the Threat of Japan, Essay examples

Church times Essay Example For Students

Church times Essay It was a cold winters day that; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; Sunday. The parking lot to the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; church was filling up quickly. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; I noticed as I got out of my; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; car that fellow church members; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; were whispering among themselves; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; as they walked to the church. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; As I got closer I saw a man; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; leaned up against the wall; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; outside the church. He was; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; almost laying down as if he; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; was asleep. He had on a long; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; trench coat that was almost; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; in shreds and a hat topped; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; his head, pulled down so you; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; could not see his face. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; He wore shoes that looked 30; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; years old, too small for his; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; feet with holes all over them,; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; his toes stuck out. I assumed; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; this man was homeless, and; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; asleep, so I walked on by; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; through the doors of the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; church. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; We all fellowship for a few; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; minutes, and someone brought; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; up the man laying outside. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; People snickered and gossiped; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; but no one bothered to ask him; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; to come in, including me. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; A few moments later church; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; began. We all waited for; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; the Preacher to take his; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; place and to give us the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; Word when the doors to the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; church opened. In came the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; homeless man walking down; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; the aisle with his head; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; down. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; People gasped and whispered; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; and made faces. He made his; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; way down the aisle and up; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; onto the pulpit. He took; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; off his hat and coat. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; My heart sank. There stood; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; our preacher he was the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; homeless man. No one said; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; a word. The preacher took; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; his Bible and laid it on the; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; stand. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; Folks, I dont think I have to tell you what I am preaching about today. Then he started; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; singing the words to this song. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; If I can help somebody as I pass along. If I can cheer somebody with a word or song. If I can show somebody that hes traveling wrong. Then my living shall not be in vain.; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; If you love God, send this to; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; ten people and the person that; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; sent it to you!!!!!!!!; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; Justice When you get what; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; you deserve. ; ; ;; ; ;;; ; ; Mercy When you dont get what you deserve. Grace When you get what you dont deserve.

Summary Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay Example For Students

Summary Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay On Good Friday in 1963, 53 blacks, led by Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., marched into downtown Birmingham to protest the existing segregation laws. All were arrested. This caused the clergymen of this Southern town to compose a letter appealing to the black population to stop their demonstrations. This letter appeared in the Birmingham Newspaper. In response, Martin Luther King drafted a document that would mark the turning point of the Civil Rights movement and provide enduring inspiration to the struggle for racial equality. Martin Luther Kings â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† strives to justify the desperate need for nonviolent direct action, the absolute immorality of unjust laws together with what a just law is, as well as, the increasing probability of the â€Å"Negro† resorting to extreme disorder and bloodshed, in addition to his utter disappointment with the Church who, in his opinion, hadnot lived up to their responsibilities as people of God. Kings justification to the eight clergymen for protesting segregation begins with a profound explanation of their actions, â€Å"Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisisand foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue†. The actions of the African American people are overdue and very well planned as King had explained in the letter. Their quest was to force the white politicians to negotiate and actually heed the requests for desegregation. As King explains, â€Å"past promises have been broken by the politicians and merchants of Birmingham and now is the time to fulfill the natural right of all people to be treated equal†. Violence is not what King wants, he simply wants unjust laws to change and the Supreme Courts 1954 ruling to be upheld. We will write a custom essay on Summary Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Secondly, King’s answer to the clergymens assertion that breaking the law is not the way to achieve the results the African American is looking for. â€Å"Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that, an unjust law is no law at all†. King does not feel that they have broken the law, his definitive answer to the clergymen is that a law that is not morally sound is not a law. Laws are made to protect the people not degrade and punish. As far as King is concerned, the African American will continue to do whatever is necessary, preferably non-violently, to obtain the legal and moral right that is theirs. If they are not allowed this peaceful expression of the needs they so desire, it could lead to a much uglier action. Dr. King expressed his concern that if something is not done with these feelings andabsolute needs of the African American there will be violence and mayhem. â€Å"The Negro hasmany pent-up resentme nts and latent frustrations, and he must release them. So let himMarch†. History has shown that if a person or people are ignored they will become violent and fight for their â€Å"God-given† rights. King diligently explained that â€Å"black nationalist† groups are becoming prevalent in society and he has faith that the â€Å"Negro Church† has had direct influence in keeping the violence from erupting. However, how can they are expected to stay complacent?Finally, the sheer frustration King felt was with the Church in general. â€Å"In deep disappointment I have wept over the laxity of the church. There can be no deep disappointment where there in not deep love†. This is probably the most heartbreaking assertion King makes. He feels that the Church has skirted its responsibilities to the African American people, hiding behind â€Å"anesthetizing security of stained-glass windows†. King summarizes his letter by making the point that he hopes that the Church will see its responsibilities â€Å"its† means it is/you need its as people of God and understand the need for direct action, the justification of unjust laws and the impending danger of the African American rising up in violence if they are not heard. Martin Luther King does this all in a diplomatic, heartfelt and completely inoffensive voice. .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .postImageUrl , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:hover , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:visited , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:active { border:0!important; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:active , .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucf9527f97839217b53c9929d8b59df4f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Symbolism In Heart Of Darkness Essay

Overview of Marlinspike Seamanship

Overview of Marlinspike Seamanship Over the past four hundred years, the lines and rigging aboard a vessel were the literal and figurative engines of commerce. Today the lines and wires we use require new techniques and now the term marlinspike seamanship encompasses many more materials. On most vessels lines still, play an important part in everyday operations. Every sailor must be able to tie some simple knots like a Bowline or Hitch and many old salts will tell you that you should be able to tie several knots with one hand in the dark. Thats not a joke; think about it. There is a lot of large gauges twisted line out there and thats the material for many knots and splices. We also need to work with a smaller braided line and cord in housekeeping situations. There can be plenty of downtime on a ship so knotwork can also become a profitable pastime if the work is fine enough for sale. The ability to rework a common base material into useful forms is valuable if it is for commerce or to replace a lost item in short order. Items like fenders can be made that are much more useful and attractive than inflatable fenders. A rope fender will never deflate, pop, or crack like an inflatable. So marlinspike seamanship itself can take many forms. Although many discount quality knotwork as a decorative skill or not useful in the modern industry there are plenty of vessels out there with plenty of durable and cheap knotwork. There are a few basic functions that all seafarers should know. Care of Ropes and Lines This is super basic but not everyone knows how quickly lack of care will destroy rope. The rope should be kept clean and dry at all times and if used in dirty or wet conditions, which is all the time on a ship, it needs to be cleaned before storage. In the time of natural fibers, the enemy was gritty dirt and sand that worked its way deep into the twist where it cut small fibers one by one. Today that is also an issue but add oil and grease to the problem when talking about synthetic ropes. Splices and Ends Making lines shorter and longer is an essential rope working skill. Splices let you join two ends semi-permanently by weaving the fibers back and forth until they intertwine and bind tight. Management of cut ends is also important to minimize loss from unraveling. This can be accomplished with a dip which is like heavy paint or by whipping the rope ends. Whipping consists of winding the waxed thread around a rope end to hold it together. Synthetic ropes can be cut cleanly and sealed at the same time with a heated electric cutting knife. Knots are important too and knowing many knots is valuable knowledge when you arrive on a new vessel. Sailors have exchanged knots since the beginning and an unseen knot is very valuable when only one sailor knows its construction. Learning Knots and Splices There are many ways to learn to knot these days. There are books that will teach you a hundred common knots and you can even get knot-tying lessons on your smartphone. The best book by far on the subject is Ashleys Book of Knots. Mr. Ashely was a young boy on the Northeast coast of the U.S. as whaling was fading and petroleum started to flow. The book was written in the 1940s but it tells a little story and some history with each of its 4000 knots, splices, and other amazing items. The diagrams take some concentration to follow but the somewhat narrative story gives first-hand knowledge of a huge range of historic ship operations and knotwork in the past several hundred years. Many of the knots and other items in the book are still surprisingly useful and every ship library should have at least one copy.

Economyc Depression Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economyc Depression - Research Paper Example Depression is also defined on the basis of two general rules: †¢ A decline in real GDP over and above 10%, or †¢ A recession constantly experienced for 2 or more years. These days, the term â€Å"Depression† is frequently associated with the Great Depression of the 1930’s, though the very term had been in use for quite long before then. History of Economic Depressions There have been many periods of long-drawn-out economic downfall in different countries/regions since 1945, but naming these as "depressions" is contentious. The most considerable worldwide economic crisis in the history after the Great Depression, the recession of late-2000s, has also been named as â€Å"Depression† at times, but this terminology is not in general use, even though economic researchers name them as â€Å"Great Recession†. The â€Å"Great Depression† The Great Depression was an event which started on October 1929, when the stock market in the United States dropped swiftly. More than hundreds of financiers and investors drowned their capital and got bankrupted, even the history writes them to be raised to the grounds and were compelled to live on the streets, time and again going without food. These circumstances resulted to the Great Depression. In modern times, the resulting period of ten years was categorized as the most terrible time-span with extremely high unemployment rate and near to the ground business activity. Almost all of the industries, business hubs, factories, shopping stores and trade centers left numerous Americans out of work, rendered homelessness, and caused people to live without food. A gigantic number of people were depending on the State administration or else charity organizations, to provide them with food (Shannon 1960; Parker 2007). Almost all countries were severely affected by this massive and worst economic downfall and came forward as facing â€Å"The Great Depression† of 1930’s. It led to a sharp turndown in world trade as each country tried to protect their industries. The Depression led to political turmoil in many countries such as Germany where poor economic conditions led to the rise of Hitler. Franklin D. Roosevelt was  elected President  in 1932 and his 'new deal' reforms gave the government more power and helped slow the depression.  By the time, as nations enhanced the production of weapons and other war equipments, the Great depression began to stroll towards an end. The increasing production of war materials led to open job opportunities for masses and resulted in the injection of big sums of money back into the business flow. Many of the factors resulted into the great depression; one of them being the lack of diversification in the economy of United States. The overall economic success of America used to be dependent on very few industries; for instance

Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar Essay

Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar - Essay Example The essay "Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar" presents a business plan for the foundation of a fashion company of men’s clothing in Qatar overviewing all the important aspect of the culture in this country. Qatar is endowed with huge reserves of natural resources and is currently one of the most developing countries in the world. It is important to study the culture of Qatar before venturing in the market.Qatar people associate American companies with high capitalism and high-profit motives. Qatar people prefer to establish good relationships before starting any serious business conversation. It is important to understand the norms and values of Qatar people, especially while interacting with people of the opposite gender. The business will have to use professionals to analyze the similarities and differences of US and Qatar culture. The personnel must be able to communicate Arabic using Qatari accent to easily gain acceptance by the local population. Qatar men take pride in their culture and traditional clothing. Men wear a long thou with stylish collars and buttons. During winter, men prefer either heavy fabric for the thous which are mainly gray, brown or black color. Young men prefer embroidered caps and cover their heads with folded square cloth. During ceremonial occasions, Qatar men wear a black-gold cloak and keep one hand free in order to allow for handshakes. During the winter, men also prefer woolen sleeveless waistcoat that mainly contains camel hair. (Torstrick 88). The target market The business will sell new men’s clothing fashion to Qatar people. The clothes will be customised to Qatar culture in order to attract a lot of demand. Qatar is endowed with large gas and oil reserves and the per capita GDP is one of the largest in the world. Qatar enjoys political stability and cordial relationships with the USA government. The country is favorable for US exports and has no foreign exchange controls and has allowe d 100 percent foreign ownership of businesses in some sectors such as health, education and exploitation of the natural resources. The business will benefit from expanded market, reduced business risks due to diversification and increased global recognition. Qatar market offers viable opportunity from fashion men’s clothing due toe increase in the number of citizens living in the urban areas (Orr 198). Marketing strategy The target market consists of Qatar men who prefer customized clothing. Due to the increasing educated young men who prefer western clothing that is customised to their culture, the business will experience minimal resistance in penetrating the market. Customer satisfaction is key to the success of the business thus good relationships will be maintained with all the customers. The business will use Arabic language in the media advertisements and advertising themes will not be offensive to Islamic religion. In addition, the color in the advertisements will hav e to be grey or white in order to appeal to the culture of Qatar. The marketing staff will follow Qatar norms since male staff will not be allowed to shake hands with female customers. The business will avoid giving free gifts to first time customers since free gifts in the first business transactions may be declined by the customers. The

Creating Public Value through the Weatherization Assistance Program Research Paper

Creating Public Value through the Weatherization Assistance Program - Research Paper Example With the total of $10 million stimulus funding, the Boston ABCD Weatherization program has the capacity to subject 1,800 homes to weatherization (Massachusetts Commonwealth, 2012). As soon as the Ramirez family qualified for the program, weatherization professionals immediately assessed the house’s energy consumption. The assessment, which took around two to four hours, found that the house had no proper wall insulation; its doors invite cold air in, and water leaks are found in the basement. From these observations, weatherization professionals reported their assessment to the homeowners and presented what needs to be repaired in the house to save energy cost Through the stimulus package, the Boston ABCD provided for the house’s insulation and new doors in the house. They also installed a new bathroom to prevent the place from molding. After these repairs, the family was able to reduce their electric bills up to 45%, especially during the winter. According to Mrs Ramirez, she was thankful for the program because her family finally experienced warmth in winter for the first time (Massachusetts Commonwealth, 2012). The article above represents the actual account in the implementation of the Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP), a long-running public program for low-income families that enables them to reduce their energy consumption and ensure energy efficiency at home through weatherization. The federal government, together with the Department of Energy (DOE) and local weatherization agencies work together to take responsibility in maintaining the national energy policy of the United States.

Patient Safety The Importance of good record keeping

Patient Safety The Importance of good record keeping The purpose of this essay is to look at four of the principles from the Nursing Midwifery Council (NMC) document, principles of good record keeping. The NMC is the United Kingdoms regulator for the nursing and midwifery professionals. It is a professionals responsibility to follow the NMC code, principles of good record keeping, to help safeguard the health and wellbeing of the public (NMC, 2009). These four principles chosen states, Individuals should record details of any assessments and reviews undertaken and provide clear evidence of the arrangements that have been made for future and ongoing care, including any details of information given about care or treatment (NMC, 2009). Ensure records should be accurate and recorded in such a way that the meaning is clear (NMC, 2009). Where appropriate the person in your care or their carer should be involved in the record keeping process (NMC, 2009) and finally Individuals have a duty to communicate fully and effectively with colleagues, ensuring that they have all the information they need about the people in their care (NMC, 2009). In addition to these four principles, this essay is going to discuss each principle and the impact that the principles have on a patients care plan and how the principles maintain within a patients care plan. Record keeping is a fundamental part of nursing practice (Giffiths et al, 2007:1324-1327). The role of good record keeping is to ensure that all healthcare professionals know what care and treatment the patient is receiving. The first principle of good record keeping being discussed states individuals should record details of any assessments and reviews undertaken and provide clear evidence of arrangements that have been made for the future of ongoing care. This should also include details of information given about care and treatment (NMC, 2009). One of the main evidenced based records in a care setting is a care plan. A care plan is a written record that informs individuals about the care and treatment of the patient (Barrett et al, 2009:5-6). Care plans develop using the nursing process. This involves a systematic approach involving assessment, planning, implementing and evaluating. This method provides a framework for professionals, which enables the making of a care plan to be developed, allowing professionals to meet the needs of the patient and protect their welfare (Wright, 2005:71-73). When admitting a patient into a care environment undergoing an assessment is essential. This should cover all basic needs such as hygiene, social, physical and safety needs of the patient, which would also include internal homeostasis needs, for instance temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure (Geyer, 2007:29-30). While patients care is ongoing, a document that is widely used within an acute side of the health care setting is EWS; this early warning sign document is a tool that protects the welfare of patients while receiving care from professionals. This tool can enable early detection of patients deterioration, based on measuring vital signs. This tool can highlight risk when monitoring patients and detect when the need for further intervention is required of skilled practitioners (Mohammed et al, 2009:18-24). Assessments can involve a variety of tools the purpose of these tools is to help professionals do their job properly and help toward assessing priority of care (Barrett et al, 2009:87-94). Assessing and planning are ongoing while the patient is receiving treatment. Documenting in a patients record while care is ongoing shows clear evidence of what as to be established, demonstrating the interaction that multi disciplinary teams provides, from the time a patient is admitted in to a care setting to when they are discharged (Barrett et al, 2009:20-23). Within a care plan relevant information is stored about the patient, this should enable all professionals to develop a knowledge of the patient and enable them to have an empathetic understanding of the social, psychological and physical wellbeing of that individual (Barrett et al, 2009:47-56). A patients individual file will also contain details about the history of the patient, this can highlight any risk apparent, ensuring all professionals delivering care to individuals are aware of the patients condition, any known allergies, care required to be delivered and any treatment the patient is receiving. The assessment and planning stage of the nursing process provides an accurate method of which the care plan document can guide professionals. The implementing stage enables professionals to deliver the care agreed and planned throughout written communication. The evaluating stage enables professionals to plan effectively. These four methods of the nursing process is a requirement when developing a care plan this then enables multi-disciplinary teams to be able to provide effective care when protecting the welfare of patients (Wright, 2005:71-73). Documenting the whole care planning process from assessment to evaluation as soon as it has happened is very important. Incomplete documents can cause the patients to suffer through no fault of their own; professionals have a legal responsibility to record documents. Documents need recording in multiple ways. However, written and electronic methods are the main ones widely used within a care environment, with whatever method used records sho uld remain accurate and easily understood. The principle of good record keeping from the NMC, 2009 also suggests, Records should be accurate and recorded in such a way that the meaning is clear (NMC, 2009). Implementing good record keeping in a care plan is relevant for the importance of promoting the welfare of patients. Clinical records shared the whole time a patient is receiving care or treatment and all health records should remain legible. Health professionals read records on a daily basis and it is important that the information in documents can be understood (Powell, 2009:300-301). Records can contain poor handwriting, which can then become very difficult to read, this can have an effect on care delivered to the patient. If individuals do not understand the writing within a patients records, mistakes can occur and put patients at greater risk. Health care records provide a lot of information about patients and it is vital it remains correct. The type of errors made when recording information can include, unreadable handwriting, jargon, spelling errors, typing errors and not recording essential information. Missing out information while documenting in records can put a patient at jeopardy and this highlights a cause for concern. For instance, a patient takes their medication but the nurse who g ave the medication forgot to document it. If professionals do not receive information of when, what time and the date medicines administered to a patient, it may mislead other nurses taking over from another shift causing professional errors and risk of an overdose may occur to the patient (Dimond, 2005:568-570). When recording in medical documents using medical abbreviations can be confusing, especially if the nurse is not familiar with the medical terminology. Professionals perform shortening down medical terminology into a variety of abbreviations throughout healthcare. The nursing and midwifery council makes it clear that abbreviations do not shorten, as there are dangers in using them. Professionals maybe mistaken by abbreviations in documents, this is when misunderstandings can occur. If abbreviations are mistaken and assumed to stand for something else, if implemented it can cause harm to the patient. For instance NFR; not for resuscitation or either way this could mean neurophysiological facilitation of respiration, which is a physical therapy. This abbreviation could cause fatal consequence if it suggests in a patient document that the patient is not required to have NFR and it does not make it clear within that record. Eliminating abbreviations when recording information is crucial as all records should express a clear detailed response (Dimond, 2008:196-198). Information in records should remain clear and accurate, as they are a legal document, for not only the safety of the patient but it also protects individuals from charges of negligence and other forms of malpractice. If a patient comes into any legal disputes, documents should remain professional as it is an individual responsibility as a professional to be legally responsible for what they write and all records should be legible to stand up in court if necessary (Powell, 2009:300-301), this shows how crucial record keeping is. Brooker Waugh 2007 states, If nursing care is not written down then it did not happen. When documents are being produced, where appropriate the person in your care, or their carer, should be involved in the record keeping process (NMC, 2009). This principle is an ongoing development throughout nursing practice, as well as involving patients in any decisions about care and treatment. Communication between nurse and patient develop to deliberate on the arrangement of care. Information within this discussion may come from close family members or carers, if the patients are not able to speak for themselves. Professionals require information from relatives and other individuals close to the family, this is vital within the process of record keeping. Exchanging information is essential to provide safe care towards the patient. During development of record keeping it is important to involve the patient or carers to confirm the care discussed, this is important because the clients care needs clarifying with the overall concept of the care plan and the process of its delivery. This enables the sharing of information throughout multi-disciplinary teams and allowing professionals throughout a variety of services to have access to medical records whenever they may require it (NMC, 2008). Patients records can be vital to staff who do not know the patient well, individuals giving consent for their file to be shared helps professionals to do their job. This then allows the individuals to provide a duty of care and enables professionals to protect the welfare of their patients. The last principle additionally advises, Individuals have a duty to communicate fully and effectively with colleagues, ensuring that they have all information they need about the people in their care (NMC, 2009). Nursing records are an evidence based communication tool; healthcare records are largely significant in communicating detailed information from one service to another. Clinical records are a source of communication throughout the healthcare sector, providing information to protect the wellbeing of individuals. It is essential that good communication is able to develop throughout multidisciplinary teams, ensuring all information exchanged concern patients for which professionals deliver care. When professionals are exchanging information, it provides a foundation for which the continuity of care to patients can continue. Information reported should be clear to professionals so they are up to date of the clients condition, not only verbally but also manually. (McGeehan, 2007:5 1-54). Verbal communication throughout handovers remains essential to practice; handing over information at the end of a shift can be quite brief and having written documentation gives professionals the opportunity to look up on patients information, which will hold important details regarding the patient. This is most valuable especially for staff covering shifts; on some occasions professionals contact relief staff members to cover staff shortage. If individuals giving care do not know the patient, it enables them to read up and gain an insight of the patient, including medical history, current treatment and what care to be delivered, therefore enabling them to deliver care confidently (Featherstone, 2008:860-864). However, discussing these four principles regarding the process of record keeping, it highlights the vast amount of impact these principles can have throughout a care plan document. This involves communicating throughout recorded documentation alerting multi-disciplinary teams of patients details based on facts. This allows professionals to know what the patient requires and continue the care agreed to protect the patient from any harm. Communication has an impact throughout a care plan; all recorded information helps towards the progression of the continuity of care, while delivering it throughout the healthcare sector enabling successful care delivery. Care plans are documents of evidence of the care agreed and the arrangements made by professionals who deliver the care. It provides stability to patients and professionals in connection to any medical intervention between those involved ensuring a secure environment so delivery of care can continue (Barrett et al, 2009:13-14). Recog nising the impacts these principles have on a care plan are standard but the acknowledgment of their impact become relevant throughout maintaining. Maintaining a care plan is a fundamental process established by reviewing and audits. Using these methods to maintain a care plan is essential, as it is an ongoing process to protect the welfare of patients. Reviewing and auditing can instigate the cause for professionals to look into a care plan further. Audits of records allows professionals to determine how well policies are implemented within a care environment and how standards of care delivery are set. This helps establish best practice in nursing records and helps to reduce any risk towards the patient safety, which can arise from poor record keeping (Griffiths et al, 2007:1324-1327). Information recorded draws attention upon the needs of the patient. If a patient was continually complaining of chest pain, this would alert nurses and doctors to investigate the problem and further medical intervention maybe required (Geyer, 2007:23-24). Simply doing an audit raises awareness of the need to improve practice. Regular audits on do cumentation have to take place to identify any necessary errors ensuring standards within healthcare facilities are ongoing and up to date. Reviewing is essential as ongoing factual records of a patients health status can highlight changes in a patients condition. Enabling professional has to amend changes for the best interest of the patient when reviewing documentation (Brooker Waugh, 2007:368-369). Reviews put in place help evaluate a patients plan of care, making sure that the care they receive is relevant to their needs at the time. The aim of reviewing documents and how maintaining them in a care plan is essential and is purposely to ensure that the safety of the patient. Reviewing documents in a care plan focuses very much on the individual receiving care. However, the persons involved in providing care to the patient play a big part in the reviewing process to ensure all care is specific to the needs of the patient (Miller Gibb, 2007:271-271). Reviews and audits play a big part in how records maintaining documents keeps practice current and up to date ensuring the best interest of the patient, and protect the p atients from any harm. Conclusion The purpose of record keeping is the care of the patient and is considered has a fundamental part of nursing practice. It is crucial to the well-being of the patient and the delivery of care; it also ensures that professional standards within a healthcare environment, challenging professionals ensuring the delivery of duty of care. Documents have an impact on everybody involved and written records are important and must comply within the record keeping principles and set standards to multidisciplinary teams, in turn, helping contribute to the quality of care being given. The consequences of poor record keeping are quite clear hence the requirement for medical staff to ensure that the proper procedures are undertaken. Professionals need to keep records to safe guard their patients while protecting their welfare, this highlights the need for this to remain as precise as possible throughout maintaining records while care is ongoing. Recording in documents can assist towards the continui ty of care, which provides a safe stable environment for the patient. Professionals working in a health care environment makes them aware that their workload can become very busy, it is important that they do not let this affect their need to keep records. Time should be set aside for record keeping, if records are rushed errors can develop, poor quality of records cannot show to reduce the quality of care. Good record keeping is a characteristic of a skilled practitioner and it is largely about the various forms of communication from one service to another. Records documented correctly appropriately to the NMC 2009 principle of good record keeping guidelines highlights the need of communication throughout written records. Following these principles enhances the fact of how vital record keeping is, and how record keeping is an essential method used to protect the welfare of the patient.

Prejudice :: essays research papers

Prejudice By Prejudice people have been around forever. Prejudice goes on everywhere including here at Box Elder Middle School. It is sad people can’t have mutual respect for each other even though we are all different in our own ways. Prejudice can be caused because of various reasons. Religion, ethnic race and social status are examples of causes of prejudice. Sometimes prejudice is caused by how we are raised. Many times parents pass on prejudice beliefs to their children. A lot people raised in the southern part of the country are prejudice against blacks. In the early to mid 1960’s, prejudice was alive and well in the south. Blacks had their own bathrooms and were forced to ride in the back of city busses. It’s hard to believe that was doing on only 40 years ago. A lot of Middle Eastern countries are very prejudice against women. The Civil War was based on prejudice beliefs. The North wanted to keep slavery and the South wanted to abolish slavery. Many blacks were beat, raped and killed just because of the color of their skin. Schools in the 1950’s were segregated. Some students were forced to ride buses for many miles to prevent whites and blacks from attending the same school. Finally segregation was introduced. It caused a lot of problems, including some riots but eventually people learned to live together and I believe it ended up being a good thing for people and out country. Slavery was stopped shortly after the Civil War but it did not stop people from being prejudice. The only way to stop prejudice is to teach all children from a young age to respect all people. Sometimes parents are not the right people to teach their children because they are already set in their ways and will never change. Some people are prejudice because they just don’t know how to act any different or maybe they have never been exposed to different cultures or beliefs. Some people just think they are better than somebody else for no reason at all. Our only chance for a successful society is to get rid of prejudices. This is much easier said than done. Some religious prejudices have been going on for thousands of years. I don’t know if there is any hope for these people. There are some simple things we can do as students and people. It is real simple.

Nanotechnology in Aeviation Essay

†¢Nanotechnology in Aerospace Materials †¢Introduction Figure 1. The aerospace industry is under pressure to improve it’s environmental footprint, primarily by making aircraft more efficient. Image credit: Bureau of Labor Statistics. †¢There are few industries where the applications of nanotechnology are so clearly beneficial as in the aerospace industry. The primary development goals match almost exactly with the advantages offered by using various nanomaterials in the place of traditional bulk metals like steel. †¢The aerospace industry is one of the most important heavy industries in the world. Countless companies rely on the ability to ship products and people around the world with the speed that can only by achieved by air. The aircraft manufacturing market was worth xxx billion in 20xx, and the bulk of this was accounted for by military spending. †¢Along with this huge economic value, however, comes huge consumption, and one of the largest carbon footprints on the planet relative to the size of the market. For this reason, the major drivers in current aerospace R&D are towards lighter construction materials and more efficient engines – the overall goal being to reduce fuel consumption and carbon emissions associated with air travel and air freight. The significant interest in nanotechnology for the aerospace industry is justified by the potential of nanomaterials and nanoengineering to help the industry achieve this goal. †¢This article will review some of the nanomaterials which are already being applied in aerospace manufacturing, and the benefits they can provide. †¢Nanostructured Metals †¢Bulk metals with some nanoscale structure are already widely used in aircraft manufacturing. It is now well known that nanostructured metals – exhibit considerably improved properties compared to their counterparts with microscale or larger grain structure. †¢This is particularly noticeable for properties which are crucial for materials used in aircraft – primarily yield strength, tensile strength and corrosion resistance, coupled with low density which helps keep the total weight of the aircraft down. †¢ †¢Figure 2. Bulk nanostructured metals exhibit much better mechanical properties and corrosion resistance than their counterparts with larger crystal structures. Image credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory. †¢Polymer Nanocomposites †¢Various nanomaterials have been used as filler materials to enhance the properties of structural and non-structural polymers used in aircraft construction. The most commonly used nanomaterials include nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, nanofibres, and graphene. †¢Carbon nanotubes in particular have been shown to give excellent advantages when used as fillers in various polymers, due to their exceptional stiffness, toughness, and unique electrical properties. †¢Nanocomposites typically have superb weight-to-strength ratios, and enhanced resilience to vibration and fire, making them ideal for use in the aviation industry. The properties of the nanofillers, like the conductivity of nanotubes, for example, can create interesting opportunities for multifunctional materials. †¢The properties of polymers enhanced by nanomaterial fillers are so well-tuned to the requirements of aircraft manufacturers, that they are actually being used to replace some of the metals used in the airframes. This obviously brings along huge weight savings, and often cost savings as well. †¢Tribological and Anti-Corrosion Coatings †¢Another major trend in the materials used in aircraft is towards nanocoatings to enhance the durability of metals. In particular, magnesium alloys, which are far lighter than steel or aluminium, are prone to corrosion, due to the high chemical reactivity of magnesium. Coatings can help prevent corrosion, but the type typically used contain chromium complexes which are a highly toxic pollutant. †¢Materials used for these novel anti-corrosion nanocoatings include silicon and boron oxides, and cobalt-phosphorous nanocrystals. †¢Nanocoatings are also now being used on turbine blades and other mechanical components which have to withstand high temperatures and friction wear. Tribological coatings can drastically lower the friction coefficient and improve resistance to wear – this greatly improves the efficiency of the engines. †¢Many nanostructured and nanoscale  coating materials have been suggested as possible friction modifying agents, such as carbides, nitrides, metals, and various ceramics. †¢ †¢Figure 3. The defense sector drives a lot of the innovation in many industries, and aerospace is no exception. High-performance military aircraft require exceptional materials, which will eventually find their way into commercial vehicles. Image credit: Penn State University. †¢Conclusion †¢This is just a brief overview of some of the nanomaterials being used in aerospace. The drive for lighter and more efficient air vehicles has led to the rapid adoption of nanotechnology in aerospace manufacturing. †¢The main roadblock, as with many industries looking to adopt nanotechnology, is caused by uncertainty over the environmental and health and safety implications of these materials. Whilst nanomaterials can often be less toxic than the current materials used, the effects of long-term exposure to these novel materials are still uncertain. †¢The potential of nanotechnology in the aerospace industry cannot be denied, however. Outside of airframe and component materials, nanotechnology applications have been found in lubricants, fuel, adhesives and many other areas. †¢Nanotechnology is also helping engineers to create vehicles with the necessary properties to endure the harsh conditions of space.

Using Dependant vs. Dependent

Using Dependant vs. Dependent Theres no problem here if youre an American: both the noun and the adjective are customarily spelled the same (dependent). But if you follow British spelling conventions, note the distinction between dependant (noun) and dependent (adjective). The noun dependant refers to a person who depends on someone else for support (usually financial support). Dependant is the standard spelling of this noun in British English. Dependent is the more common spelling in American English, though the word may also be spelled the British way. The adjective dependent (always spelled this way in both British and American English) means supported, determined, influenced, or controlled by (someone or something else). Examples Most dependent  [US] students cannot afford to pay for college on their own, without parental help.  The definition of a dependent  student for federal student aid purposes is different than the definition of dependent for federal income tax purposes.(Mark Kantrowitz, Answers to Your Questions on Scholarships and Student Loans. The New York Times [US], November 18, 2011)  The amount of loan a dependant [British] student gets depends mainly on their parents residual income. This is their gross income before tax and national insurance after deducting allowances for, for example, payments into pension schemes, and  £1,130 for any other financially dependant child.(Jill Papworth, A Parents University Bill:  £650 a Month. The Guardian [UK], August 10, 2013)Fearful and anxious people sometimes become dependent on alcohol for relief from their symptoms. Practice Exercises:  Dependant and Dependent (a) The applicant claimed to be a _____ of a deceased worker. (b) Its a myth that a breastfed baby will turn into an overly _____ child. Answers to Practice Exercises:  Dependant and Dependent (a) The applicant claimed to be a  dependant  [British] (or  dependent  [American]) of a deceased worker. (b) Its a myth that a breastfed baby will turn into an overly  dependent  child.

Muslim Civilisation The Mechanical Water Clock of Ibn Al

Muslim Civilisation The Mechanical Water Clock of Ibn Al The Mechanical Water Clock of Ibn Al-Haytham Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Muslim Civilisation: The Mechanical Water Clock of Ibn Al-Haytham specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 5) The first simplest water clock was invented in Egypt about 1500BC. This simplest form of clock was known as the outflow clepsydra; it is shown above from different viewpoints. The water clock had the shape of a cone that narrowed towards its base. The base had a hole that discharged water that was used to measure time lapse. The later design of the water clock was the inflow clepsydra. The upper vessel of this water clock had a hole and a constant supply of water with an overflow cylinder. The cylindrical container received overflow water from the hole in a steady manner that ensured its use in the measuring the time passage. Ctesibius developed the first water clock, an Egyptian Enginee r, whose water clock had a cylindrical vessel with a float.Advertising Looking for essay on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A vertical toothed rod was soldered on the lower vessel, such that, with any rise in water level, the teeth of the vertical rod sent audible signals as it meshes with other gears (Hassan 170). Ibn al-Haytham used a tank with a small opening at its bottom; it helped in showing the time. Markedly, an inflow clepsydra occurs when the tank sinks into another container with adequate volume of water. The invention of the clepsydra might have occurred in the early parts of the 5th century CE in India; however, the Han dynasty in China adopted the sinking-bowl water clepsydra after Ctesibios era. This idea of cylindrical vessel with a float was adopted by a number of Muslim Engineers, who replaced the rod with cord attached to the float at the top. This cord passed through a system of p ulleys that activated the visible mechanisms. The design for the control of vessel relied on a famous principle developed by the great scientist, Archimedes. On the lower outlet of a reservoir, stood a vertical float chamber, with a conical valve on the outlet pipe with a vertically bent down tap. The bottom of the float chamber had a narrow outlet pipe, with the valve plugged on a small float. In this water clock, whenever, the tap opened, the float chamber received water, thus shortly closing the valve. On the other hand, when water left the float chamber, opening of the valve initiates, and the cycle continues (Hassan 176). This ensured a steady level of water in the float chamber, resulting into constant speed of the large float as it entered the reservoir (Hassan 177). The float chamber’s outlet discharged into the flow regulator, thus enhancing reading of temporal hours.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Muslim Civilisation: The Mechanical Water Clock of Ibn Al-Haytham specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This Archimedes clock was however, found to be inaccurate, leading to its modification in Syria, during the Umayyad Times where Ibn al-Haytham, the great scientist constructed a modified mechanical water clock. Ibn Alhaytham developed the mechanical water clock based on Al-Jazari’s installation design of water clock that used the automata to indicate time lapse. The automata were activated hourly using mechanical birds that released pellets onto the Cymbals using their beaks. The water clock also used doors that rotated to reveal humanoid robots an as well as varied colours, zodiac circles that contained symbols of moon and the sun in relation to the time of the day as it rotated in a steady manner. The mechanical water clock also had semi-circular glass discs that were illuminated hourly (Hassan 180). Ibn Khaldun and the rise and fall of empires (Discover the golden Age of Mu slim Civilisation par. 5)Advertising Looking for essay on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first picture shows the entry to the traditional empires. Ibn Khaldun was a renowned Muslim thinker in economics and social theories. His most substantial activity was the Kitab al- ‘Ibar’s section of Muqaddimah that analysed the rise and fall of the Ottoman Empire. The works of Ibn Khaldun were done at a time when the political elite were very wary and strict with people who expressed independent thoughts. His works was, therefore, noteworthy because it was original in both its organisation and content. His works led to the development of theories of social cooperation and collective solidarity under his infamous Arabic term ‘asabiyyah’ (Alhaytham par. 5). Ibn Khaldun was privy to the fact that it is difficult to establish a progressive social order if the members of the society are simply egoistic sensible representatives. He therefore, decided to devote his literary work to come up with a theory that focused on the enhancement of ‘asabiyaâ€⠄¢ or social cooperation, and factors that are responsible for the fall of social cooperation in our society (Alhaytham par. 8). Ibn Khaldun philosophy on the rise and fall of empires and states is applicable to the real world situation, especially on the business front. The rise and fall of business organisations or firms, for example the fall and rise of Microsoft Corporation as postulated y Paul Krugman. It is imperative to note that corporations, just like states, are cooperative enterprises. You realise that business owners like the corporate managers, just as selfish interests normally drive the political elites (Alhaytham par. 3). Ibn Khaldun’s book thus focused on the sedentary mode of culture as opposed to the primitive culture where one only desired to satisfy his or her own immediate needs at the expense of the rest of the society. He postulates that the decline of regimes is because the surplus produces in most societies ends up in the luxuries of the few elites. He puts it clear that the luxuries informed the degeneration and decline of major regimes in the world. Ibn Khaldun’s works on the rise and fall of states focuses on the establishment phase, which relies on the solidarity of the supporters (family or religion). This solidarity enhances the state’s preservation where the ruler tends to serve the interests of his or her people (Alhaytham par. 9). The second phase of the cycle is the monopolisation of power stage, where the ruler views him or herself as an immovable master. At this point, the ruler breaks ties with people who helped him or her ascend to power. He or she makes new friends who are bureaucrats like him/her. The third phase is the leisure and luxury stage, where the ruler now seeks to satisfy his private needs at the expense of the wider society. The fourth stage is the characterised by feeling of long lasting rule. This forth stage is the one that determines the survival of the state, as the society is alrea dy discontented with the rule, hence disintegration of the state. The ruler has purchased support of the military and the bureaucrats disintegrate, thus resulting into the collapse of the state (Alhaytham par. 8). Introduction to the Islamic Traditional Chemistry (Gardenour par. 1) The picture above shows the cover of early chemists Geber. The old Islamic chemistry also known as ‘alchemy’ was influenced by traditional philosophy that relied on the chemical inquiry of natural surroundings by the medieval Islamic intellectuals based on Muhammad’s personal capabilities. This traditional chemistry developed after the fall of the Roman Empire, thus the traditional Islamic chemistry was based on the works of past alchemical scholars from Greek and Egypt during the Abbasid period (Gardenour par. 1). The Islamic chemistry caused various scientific findings and cultural advancements in the world. The traditional Islamic chemistry led to the advancement in the fields of philosophy, arts, literature, and science. The alchemy relied heavily on mystical powers. It is therefore, imperative to note that the Islamic alchemists constructed their theories based on magical nature as opposed to relating them to matter and elements, however, these works served both matter and elements (Rahim par. 9). The alchemist work involved a lot of laboratory work involving use of dangerous chemical at times. â€Å"Master Elixir† or the Philosophers Stone was an early Islamic traditional chemistry (alchemy) that was believed to purify one’s soul and body. It was believed to possess mystical powers to decompose all matter, just the same manner, universal acid does. The metal was later believed to harbour mystical power to convert basic metals into gold or other precious metals. This Philosopher’s stone took the form of liquid, powder, or gel (Thompson 25). The Islamist alchemists’ studied alchemy from the inquiries of Greek alchemists during th e rule of Abbasid Empire; the study was aimed at developing philosophy, mathematics, as well as medicine. This is reason as to why the Egyptians accorded gold superiority in terms of soul with respect to other metals’ souls, which could improve the soul of other base metals if mixed in slight quantities (Rahim par. 20). A renowned Islamist alchemist, Jabir b. Hayyan, who is also known as ‘Geber the Wise,’ was the first to carry out a controlled alchemical experiment in a laboratory. He later on wrote a number of books about alchemy. His works got the attention of the Western world; they got the idea of the Elixir of Life through his works. His works were based in his belief on transformation of metals from one state to another, as well as transmutation (Gardenour par. 4). The Islamic traditional chemistry made substantial inputs to improvement of techniques in chemistry, as well as unplanned innovations. It is imperative to note that Jabir, discovered nitric acid , sulphuric acid and aqua regia. Based on his works, the German scientist, Henning Brandt, believed that his urine was the Philosopher’s stone. He went on to discover the metal after steaming the urine. It is important to note that the phosphorus today makes the ingredients of rocket fuel and toothpaste (Thompson 26). Scientists moved swiftly to prevent experimental and scientific chemistry from becoming a Muslim science; laboratory practical helps in changing one matter from a given state to another state and another product as well. Experimentation remained the task of Muslims only; the Greeks, on the other hand, stood up for metaphysical analysis and theories on chemical procedures. Al-Razi became to be known as the father of modern chemistry through his numerous experimentation to support the Greek’s theoretical information. Four Medieval Hospitals in Syria (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 7) The picture above shows the entry to Arghun Al-Kamil i hospital in Damascus. Notably, Damascus and Aleppo are the homes of the four hospitals. The early Islamic era saw the creation of health institutions to serve the ill people. In Aleppo, there is the Nuri hospital that was named after Nur al-Din Zangi (1117-1173). This city comes after Damascus in terms of size; it lies in northern part of Syria. Aleppo remains the capital of Islamic culture; it marked this in 2006. The vast number of archaeological sites in Aleppo attracted several tourists who had great interest in archaeology and history. The city also acted as a major trade route, which connected the Roman Empire and Egypt. After witnessing how Aleppo was a major business hub at the time, Nur al-Din Zangi applied his philanthropist nature to support the poor by building the magnificent hospital. He used to spend much of his finances in supporting the poor in the society. He went ahead to construct the hospital between 1148 and 1155; the hospital was located next to another magn ificent project that Nur al-Din Zangi has sponsored – intramural water project. Nur al-Din Zangi was so determined to ensure the hospital meets its objective of serving the poor; the building was reconstructed numerous times after damages by earthquakes. A structure of complex stone curving is visible above the door of Nuri hospital, as well as Arabic calligraphies on different stones. Such Arabic calligraphies are common in all the health facilities. These features are visible and intact to the present day. The hospital of Arghun Al-Kamili is the second medieval health facility in the city of Aleppo. Mamluk governor, Arghun Al-Kamili, supported the construction of the institution in 1354. The facility was mainly made of stones; the entrance to the hospital an up-to-date wrought iron fence – Qinnesreen. Decorations of intricate stones filled the institution, together with Arabic and English writings indicating its name and date. Arghun Al-Kamili hospital had a wooden d oor with copper metals, which displayed geometrical Arabic designs. At the top of the door, there are four lines of writings in Arabic. After leaving the metallic door, there is the hospital dispensary and a small room; the additional rooms were for consultation services. Damascus, on the other hand, hosts the Nuri and Qaymari hospitals. Numerous scholars have frequently not mentioned the latter institution due to its non-strategic location. The health facility is situated in the interior of vegetable market full of hogwash and garbage emanating from the indigenous merchants; this might be the reason for its negligence. Qaymari hospital was constructed in 1248; it has a modern marble on the right part to indicate that it was constructed in the 12th century. The interior part of the Qaymari hospital has a quadrangular water reservoir bounded by iwans. Iwans are four arched halls. So special was the health facility that it set aside one of its sections for the sick females. River Nahr Yazid was the main water supplier to the Qaymari hospital. Nuri al-Din Zangi went further to establish another hospital in his name in Damascus, the largest city in Syria (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 7). The construction of Nuri hospital in Damascus began in 1154 and stopped in 1242. Seljuk style is evident at the entrance of the health facility. Copper and geometrical designs are evident on different points of the structure. Figures of painted flower motifs, peacocks, and calligraphy are visible from the inside of the facility. A central fountain is located at the courtyard; the courtyard is bounded by numerous rooms. One of the rooms was a library. The Instrument of Istanbul Observatory Taqà ® al-Dà ®n al-Rà ¢sid, with the funding of Sultan Murad III, founded an Istanbul Observatory 400 ages back. Istanbul Observatory is located on the European side of Bosporous, and is one of the largest observatories established before 16th century. The Istanbul Obser vatory is comparable to other observatory like Nà ¢sir al-Dà ®n Tà »sà ®s Maragha observatory, Ulug Beys Samarqand observatory and Tycho Brahes Uroniborg observatory (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 12). The three key significance of an observatory is influenced by the value of the astronomers associated with the observatory, the gracefulness of the observatory and the type of work done in the observatory. Most observatories have devices that are categorised into movable and static instruments. Nevertheless, according to Taqà ® al-Dà ®n, the observable instruments found in Istanbul Observatory are fixed instruments. Tycho Brahe surpassed both Ptolemy and Taqà ® al-Dà ®n in the instrumentation field. From the field of construction and observation with the aid of different instruments or devices, it is imperative to note that Tycho Brahe was one of the great Muslims who developed astronomical instruments hospitals (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisa tion par. 14). Fixed instruments found in Istanbul Observatory An armillary sphere The Armillary Sphere is an astronomical instrument used to measure the position of celestial objects. It has three sets of rings. The extreme ring is referred to as the Liuheyi that has the Fixed Equatorial, Horizon, and Meridian Circle fused together firmly on a subsidiary structure. The intermediate one is the Sanchenyi and has four components (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 17). The Siyouyi is the interior set that revolves inside the Sanchenyi about the glacial alignment. Armillary sphere of Tycho Brahe A mural quadrant (Libna) Astronomers used a fresco quadrant, which astronauts use to observe the ascension of the stars and the sun; it measured angles of between 0-90 degrees. Mural quadrant of Tycho Brahe (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 14) An azimuthal semicircle The azimuthal is a device used to measure the stars’ azimuths and elevations. They had a copper ring that signified the horizon and a semi-circle that was at right angles to the horizon (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 10). Azimuthal semicircle Parallactic Rule This instrument was used to measure the moon’s parallax. It has three pieces of wood where the first piece is at right angles to the horizon, the second piece is connected at one end of the first piece while the third one is nailed near the base using a chord (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 8). Parallactic instrument of Tycho Brahe (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par 15) The wooden quadrant Astronomers do not only measure distance of the sun to zenith, but also ascertain the stars’ elevations using this gadget. It is made up of wooden rulers and forms a quarter of a full circle. The wooden quadrant Dioptra Dioptra is an apparatus used to measure deceptive breadths of eclipses and heavenly bodies, such as comets and meteorites. Diopt ra The instrument with cords This instrument measures equinoxes of fall and spring. The instrument with cords Sextant This device or gadget helps in measuring the gap between stars. Sextant of Tycho Brahe (Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation par. 18) Alhaytham, Ibn. Scientists and Discovery Series. N.p., n.d. Web. Discover the golden Age of Muslim Civilisation. N.p., 5 Oct. 2005. Web. Gardenour, Brenda S. The Development And Diffusion Of Alchemy From Antiquity To The Renaissance. N.p., 18 Nov. 2003. Web. Hassan, Aref. Technology and Applied Sciences. Paris: Unesco Publ, 2001. Print. Rahim, Habibeh. Alchemy: Islamic Alchemy. N.p., 4 Dec. 2005. Web. Thompson, Charles John Samuel. Alchemy and alchemists. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 2002. Print.

HEALTH AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HEALTH AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES - Lab Report Example as no difference found in the motivation of two groups, but the groups with the fewer choices were more satisfied with their decision and they also reported less difficulty levels. Do you have more variety of this product? I think we should visit the corner shop because my friend was telling me that they have a wide collection. I can apply for only a few colleges†¦ I wish I could apply for more college. How many times we have heard or used these sentences or similar kinds of statements. The importance of choices in our lives is very important and it is often realized. People always variety as they feel that it helps them in their decision making process. There are no two thoughts on the fact that choices are very important for us. The effect that choices have on our lives is misinterpreted or misunderstood many a times. Too many choices may not be as beneficial for us as we think they are. It is found that excess of choices can decrease the motivation to buy (Iyengar & Lepper, 2000). Psychology informs us today that choice between two desirable options can lead to dissatisfaction and stress (Huffman, 2008). These results are not in line with the common notion regarding choices. The ability to choose from a variety of alternatives is considered necessary for a better decision. Studies have also suggested that choices are very necessary for human beings and they increase the life satisfaction of people (Deci & Ryan, 1985). These studies have contradicting results and they may confuse a lay man. These results have also added obscurity on the subject of variety and choices to some extent. It is important to understand that variety is very important for people and their survival. However too many choices can lead to dissatisfaction and decrease in motivation. The problem with too many choices is that it increases the stress level of the people as they want to choose the best option (Moushart, 2008). Too many choices actually hinder in decision making by confusing

Human Memory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Memory - Essay Example In contrast, as is attested by anyone who knows a person ravaged by Alzheimer's disease, even with normal sensory input, lack of memory is profoundly debilitating (Smith 267). Earlier work in the study of memory was confined to association between stimulus and response. However, current studies emphasize cognitive or mental processes over stimulus response association ( Morgan 184). How does the brain memorize information In order to answer this question, one must study the three stages of memory- encoding, storage and retrieval. Suppose you saw a parakeet for the first time in your life when your friend showed you one in the park last week. Subsequently when you went to the bird sanctuary today and saw a similar bird you immediately recognized it as a parakeet. This simple act actually entailed three steps; when your friend showed you the parakeet, you transformed the information that this bird is called a parakeet( the sound input) and that's what it looks like (the visual input); which are physical inputs into the kind of code that your memory would accept. This stage is called the encoding stage. The storing of this information for a week was the storage phase and when you retrieved the information to recognize the bird this morning; that was the retrieval stage. Memory can fail yo Memory can fail you at any one of these stages. Recent studies have shown that while encoding most of the activated brain regions are in the left hemisphere and during retrieval in the right hemisphere. Long Term and Short Term Memory. When a friend gives you his or her phone number verbally, its relatively easy to repeat it immediately. However recalling it after a day becomes difficult. Repeating the number immediately is an example of short term memory while recalling it after a day is constitutes long term memory. Experiments on small mammals and observation of people with damage to some parts of the brain have shown that the hippocampus a brain structure beneath the cortex is responsible for short term memory; whereas, the front of the cortex is responsible for long term memory (Atkinson 258). Usage Of Different Memories For Different Types Of Information Recent evidence has indicated that that different types of memories are used to store two different types of information; a fact such as the name of the current president- this uses explicit memory and a skill such as playing a piano- this uses implicit memory ( Atkinson 259; Smith 269) Even though short term memory involves recall of information in a few seconds it still goes through the three stages of encoding, storage and retrieval. To encode information we must first attend to it. Most issues with memory lapses can be attributed to a lack of attention. Since we are selective about what we attend to; only that memory will be encoded and can later be retrieved. The three types of coding used are- visual when the input or representation is visual such as a picture, acoustic when the information is verbal, such as somebody saying something, and semantic when the infor